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Introduction of Epirubicin
Epirubicin is
chemotherapy
that is given as a treatment for many different types
of cancer.
Side effects of Epirubicin
Hair loss This
usually starts 3–4 weeks after the first dose of epirubicin,
although it may happen earlier. Hair may be lost completely or
may just thin. You may also have thinning and loss of
eyelashes, eyebrows and other body hair. This is temporary and
the hair will regrow once the treatment ends. To help reduce
hair loss, scalp cooling may be suitable for some people.
Nausea (feeling sick) and vomiting
There are now very effective anti-sickness drugs to prevent or
greatly reduce nausea and vomiting. If you do feel sick it may
begin a few hours after the treatment is given and last for up
to a day. If the sickness is not controlled, or continues,
tell your doctor, who can prescribe other drugs, which may be
more effective.
Lowered resistance to infection
Epirubicin can reduce the production of white blood cells by
the bone marrow, making you more prone to infection. This
effect can begin seven days after treatment has been given and
usually reaches its lowest point 10–14 days after
chemotherapy. Your blood cells will then increase steadily and
will usually have returned to normal before your next course
of chemotherapy is due.
Contact your
doctor or the hospital straightaway if:
- Your
temperature goes above 38°C (100.5°F)
- You suddenly
feel unwell (even with a normal temperature)
You will have a blood test before
having more chemotherapy, to make sure that your cells have
recovered. Occasionally it may be necessary to delay your
treatment if your blood count is still low.
Bruising or bleeding
Epirubicin can reduce the production of platelets (which help
the blood to clot). Let your doctor know if you have any
unexplained bruising or bleeding.
Anaemia
While having treatment with epirubicin you may
become anaemic. This may make you feel tired and breathless.
Sore mouth and taste change
Your mouth may become sore, or you may notice small ulcers
during this treatment. Drinking plenty of fluids and cleaning
your teeth regularly and gently with a soft toothbrush can
help to reduce the risk of this happening. Tell your doctor if
you do have any of these problems, as special mouthwashes and
medicines to prevent or clear any mouth infection can be
prescribed.
You may notice that your food
tastes different. Normal taste will come back after the
treatment finishes.
Discoloured urine
Your urine may become a pink-red colour. This may last up to a
day after you have had the epirubicin, and is due to the
colour of the drug. It is quite normal.
Skin changes
Epirubicin can cause a rash, which may be itchy. Your doctor
can prescribe medicine to help with this. Areas which have
previously been treated with radiotherapy may become red and
sore. Let your doctor know if this happens. The skin over the
vein used for the injection may become discoloured. Your skin
may darken, due to excess production of pigment. The darkening
usually returns to normal a few months after the treatment has
finished.
Tiredness and a general feeling of weakness
It is important to allow yourself plenty of time to rest.
Changes in the way your heart works
Higher doses of epirubicin may cause changes in the muscle of
the heart. This can affect how the heart works. The effect on
the heart depends on the dose given. It is very unusual for
the heart to be affected if you have standard doses. Tests to
see how well your heart is working may sometimes be carried
out before the drug is given.
Diarrhoea
This can usually be controlled easily with medicine, but let
your doctor know if it is severe or continues. It is important
to drink plenty of fluids if you have diarrhoea.
Changes to nails
Your nails may become darker. White lines may appear on them.
These changes grow out over a few months once the treatment
has finished.
Disclaimer:
Information on this page is provided for general
information purposes. You should not make a clinical treatment
decision based on information contained in this page without
consulting other references including the package insert of
the drug, textbooks and where relevant, expert opinion. We
cannot be held responsible for any errors you make in
administering drugs mentioned on this page, nor for use of any
erroneous information contained on this page.
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